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LOGOS |
INTRODUCTION TO PHILOSOPHY
THE NATURE OF VALUE
Student
Questionnaire
A. Instructions: Evaluate the statements below according to the following options.
Evaluative
Options Type
of Evaluation
1. Strongly Agree
Very Positive
2. Agree Positive
3. Undecided
Neutral
4. Disagree
Negative
5. Strongly Disagree
Very Negative
B. Statements
1. We never desire anything because we deem it to be good; but, rather, we deem a thing good because we desire it.
1
2
3
_4
5___________
2. Food and water are universal, involuntary values for human beings in general.
3. All values, and value itself, are relative to or dependent upon an individual, culture, or species.
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4. “X has value” means X is useful or instrumental in achieving some desired goal.
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5. Anything one happens to desire, any object of interest at all, is by definition a value. Hence, values are created by desires, and the stronger or more intense the desire, the greater the value.
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6. Just as the property of smoothness does not exist independently in the table I am touching,
but only in the relationship between
the table’s surface and my nervous system, so values (positive or negative
qualities) emerge from an interaction
between desiring beings and objects of
desire.
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7. The viewpoint that we can make X (anything at all) a value for us, strictly on the basis of personal desire and regardless of the objective features of X, is arbitrary and irrational.
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8. Even if human beings did not exist, appropriate levels of rainfall (not too much or little) would have value in relation to plants.
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9. Clean air is a basic biological and environmental value, not because we decide it to be, but because clean air is an objective reality required by all human beings.
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10. Value is neither
purely objective (existing independently of desire in the object) nor
purely subjective (existing dependently on the basis of subjective interest),
but rather a relational reality that requires both subjective and
objective components.
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11. Some values rank higher than other values (e.g. food ranks higher than TV) on the basis of the independent nature of reality (human nature and the nature of objects or conditions).
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12. Canned sardines is a positive value (very desirable) or a negative value (very undesirable) relative to an individual subject; but food itself is a positive value for all human beings (a universal value which is not created but discovered).
1___________2___________3____________4___________5__________
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