I   Success in Anatomy

II  Anatomy   

            A.  Definition

            B.  Sources of knowledge

                    1.  dissection

                            a.  history ("resurrection men“) 

                    2.  medical imaging

                             a.  X-rays

                             b.  CAT (computed axial tomography) scans structure

                             c.  PET (positron emission tomography) scans reveal metabolic processes

                             d.  MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) shows structure by chemical differences between tissues

            C.  Types of anatomy

            D.  Levels of body organization

                        1.  chemicals  à  cells  à  tissues  à organ  à system à organism 

II   The Body

            A.  Vertebrate Body Plan

                    1.  vertebral column                                           

                            a.  notochord

                    2.  nerve cord: single, dorsal, hollow                                   

                    3.  bilateral symmetry

                    4.  regionalization

                            a.  cephalic

                                    1.  cephalization

                            b.  neck

                            c.  trunk

                                    1. thorax                                                                                                   

                                    2. abdomen                                                                                                   

                            d.  tail                                                                                                                                

                    5.  “Tube-within-a-tube” digestive system                                      

                    6.  Segmentation

             B.  Body Cavities  (covered in laboratory)

                    1.  dorsal

                            a.  cranial

                            b.  vertebral

                    2.  ventral

                            a.  thoracic

                                    1.  pleural

                                    2.  mediastinum  (space)

                                    3.  pericardial

                             b.  abdominopelvic

                                    1.   abdominal

                                    2.   pelvic

                      3.  serosa  (membranes lining closed body cavities and their organs)

                              a.  pleura (in thoracic cavity)

                                    1,   parietal (on wall of cavity)

                                    2.  visceral (on organs in cavity)

                              b.  peritoneum  (in abdominopelvic cavity)

                                    1.   parietal vs visceral       

                               Effects of Alzheimers's disease.

                          The arrow points to an area of low metabolic activity.

                                        What type of medical imaging is this ?

By the end of this unit you should be able to do the following:

    -  define anatomy

    -  explain the contribution of "resurrection men" to anatomy

    -  explain the differences between CAT scans, MRI, PET scan, and X-rays

    -  compare the different types of anatomy

    -  explain "structure fits function"  and give examples

    -  list the levels of organization of the body

    -  identify the correct level of organization for a given structure

    -  list the characteristics of a vertebrate

    -  distinguish between spinal cord, notochord and vertebral column

from lab:

    -  identify and locate the major closed body cavities

    -  define serosa

    -  locate pleura and peritoneum

    -  identify parietal vs visceral pleura and parietal vs visceral peritoneum

                                 return to Anatomy lecture outlines

                                                Human Anatomy

                                                Homepage