Networking and Addressing Overview and IPCONFIG-PING

All devices that are connected to a network and operate at OSI Model Layer-2 and higher require unique addresses.

	Two Addresses- Physical Addresses and Logical Addresses
	Physical Addresses
	MAC address or Hardware address
	48-bits
	Expressed as 12-hexidecimal characters
	Store by the NIC
	2-parts: Vendor code and Vendor serial number
	Logical Addresses
	IP-address or IPX-address
	2-parts: Network address and Host address

Focus on IP-Addresses because it is the most common and the most important for designing both LAN’s and WAN’s

	IP-addresses
	32-bit address ( Ipv4)
	128-bit address (Ipv6 coming soon)
	Expressed in Dotted-Decimal form
	Addresses are placed in to categories
	Classful, Classless, Private
	Two parts to the address; Network and Host

IPv4 Addressing - 32 bit Addressing

Network Number

Host Number

Using Dotted Decimal you get four groups of 8-bits (octet)

8-bits

Classful IP Addressing

Class-A

Network

Host

Class-B

Network

Host

Class-C

Network

Host

Routing requires separating Network and Host portions of IP-address

Subnet Mask is used to filter the Network address

Network Address = [IP-Address] “AND” [Subnet Mask]

Examples of Subnet Masks:

ADD Function

C = A “AND” B

The Subnet Mask is ANDed with IP Address bit by bit to get the Network number (Network address)

A subnet mask of 255 (all-1’s in an octet) filter out the network number for that octet.

Examples:

Lab Procedure: